OrangerV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 001729

Fruit regulates seasonal expression of flowering genes in alternate-bearing ‘Moncada’ mandarin

Identifieur interne : 001729 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001728; suivant : 001730

Fruit regulates seasonal expression of flowering genes in alternate-bearing ‘Moncada’ mandarin

Auteurs : Natalia Mu Oz-Fambuena [Espagne] ; Carlos Mesejo [Espagne] ; M. Carmen González-Mas [Espagne] ; Eduardo Primo-Millo [Espagne] ; Manuel Agustí [Espagne] ; Domingo J. Iglesias [Espagne]

Source :

Annals of Botany [ 0305-7364 ] ; 2011.

RBID : PMC:3158683

Abstract

Background and Aims

The presence of fruit has been widely reported to act as an inhibitor of flowering in fruit trees. This study is an investigation into the effect of fruit load on flowering of ‘Moncada’ mandarin and on the expression of putative orthologues of genes involved in flowering pathways to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying alternate bearing in citrus.

Methods

The relationship between fruit load and flowering intensity was examined first. Defruiting experiments were further conducted to demonstrate the causal effect of fruit removal upon flowering. Finally, the activity of flowering-related genes was investigated to determine the extent to which their seasonal expression is affected by fruit yield.

Key Results

First observations and defruiting experiments indicated a significant inverse relationship between preceding fruit load and flowering intensity. Moreover, data indicated that when fruit remained on the tree from November onwards, a dramatic inhibition of flowering occurred the following spring. The study of the expression pattern of flowering-genes of on (fully loaded) and off (without fruits) trees revealed that homologues of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), SUPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), APETALA1 (AP1) and LEAFY (LFY) were negatively affected by fruit load. Thus, CiFT expression showed a progressive increase in leaves from off trees through the study period, the highest differences found from December onwards (10-fold). Whereas differences in the relative expression of SOC1 only reached significance from September to mid-December, CsAP1 expression was constantly higher in those trees through the whole study period. Significant variations in CsLFY expression only were found in late February (close to 20 %). On the other hand, the expression of the homologues of TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) did not appear to be related to fruit load.

Conclusions

These results suggest for the first time that fruit inhibits flowering by repressing CiFT and SOC1 expression in leaves of alternate-bearing citrus. Fruit also reduces CsAP1 expression in leaves, and the significant increase in leaf CsLFY expression from off trees in late February was associated with the onset of floral differentiation.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3158683

DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcr164
PubMed: 21856639
PubMed Central: 3158683

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Iglesias, Domingo J" sort="Iglesias, Domingo J" uniqKey="Iglesias D" first="Domingo J." last="Iglesias">Domingo J. Iglesias</name>
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<series><title level="j">Annals of Botany</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background and Aims</title>
<p>The presence of fruit has been widely reported to act as an inhibitor of flowering in fruit trees. This study is an investigation into the effect of fruit load on flowering of ‘Moncada’ mandarin and on the expression of putative orthologues of genes involved in flowering pathways to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying alternate bearing in citrus.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>The relationship between fruit load and flowering intensity was examined first. Defruiting experiments were further conducted to demonstrate the causal effect of fruit removal upon flowering. Finally, the activity of flowering-related genes was investigated to determine the extent to which their seasonal expression is affected by fruit yield.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Key Results</title>
<p>First observations and defruiting experiments indicated a significant inverse relationship between preceding fruit load and flowering intensity. Moreover, data indicated that when fruit remained on the tree from November onwards, a dramatic inhibition of flowering occurred the following spring. The study of the expression pattern of flowering-genes of <italic>on</italic>
 (fully loaded) and <italic>off</italic>
 (without fruits) trees revealed that homologues of <italic>FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT</italic>
), <italic>SUPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1</italic>
 (<italic>SOC1</italic>
), <italic>APETALA1 (AP1</italic>
) and <italic>LEAFY</italic>
 (<italic>LFY</italic>
) were negatively affected by fruit load. Thus, <italic>CiFT</italic>
 expression showed a progressive increase in leaves from <italic>off</italic>
 trees through the study period, the highest differences found from December onwards (10-fold). Whereas differences in the relative expression of <italic>SOC1</italic>
 only reached significance from September to mid-December, <italic>CsAP1</italic>
 expression was constantly higher in those trees through the whole study period. Significant variations in <italic>CsLFY</italic>
 expression only were found in late February (close to 20 %). On the other hand, the expression of the homologues of <italic>TERMINAL FLOWER 1</italic>
 (<italic>TFL1</italic>
) and <italic>FLOWERING LOCUS C</italic>
 (<italic>FLC</italic>
) did not appear to be related to fruit load.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>These results suggest for the first time that fruit inhibits flowering by repressing <italic>CiFT</italic>
 and <italic>SOC1</italic>
 expression in leaves of alternate-bearing citrus. Fruit also reduces <italic>CsAP1</italic>
 expression in leaves, and the significant increase in leaf <italic>CsLFY</italic>
 expression from <italic>off</italic>
 trees in late February was associated with the onset of floral differentiation.</p>
</sec>
</div>
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<name sortKey="Agusti, Manuel" sort="Agusti, Manuel" uniqKey="Agusti M" first="Manuel" last="Agustí">Manuel Agustí</name>
<name sortKey="Carmen Gonzalez Mas, M" sort="Carmen Gonzalez Mas, M" uniqKey="Carmen Gonzalez Mas M" first="M." last="Carmen González-Mas">M. Carmen González-Mas</name>
<name sortKey="Iglesias, Domingo J" sort="Iglesias, Domingo J" uniqKey="Iglesias D" first="Domingo J." last="Iglesias">Domingo J. Iglesias</name>
<name sortKey="Mesejo, Carlos" sort="Mesejo, Carlos" uniqKey="Mesejo C" first="Carlos" last="Mesejo">Carlos Mesejo</name>
<name sortKey="Primo Millo, Eduardo" sort="Primo Millo, Eduardo" uniqKey="Primo Millo E" first="Eduardo" last="Primo-Millo">Eduardo Primo-Millo</name>
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Fruit regulates seasonal expression of flowering genes in alternate-bearing ‘Moncada’ mandarin

Fruit regulates seasonal expression of flowering genes in alternate-bearing ‘Moncada’ mandarin

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